Archaeology is a scientific discipline that studies past human societies through the analysis of their material remains. This field of research allows scientists and historians to reconstruct and understand the daily life, customs, beliefs and social structures of cultures that existed before the invention of writing and, in some cases, even of those societies that left written records. Archaeology, therefore, plays a crucial role in recovering our collective past and understanding how ancient civilizations influenced the development of today's society.
The archaeological process begins with the identification and location of a site that may contain
material remains of historical or cultural interest. These sites can range from ancient settlements
and tombs to more complex structures such as temples and cities. Excavation is one of the main
techniques used in archaeology and involves carefully removing layers of earth to unearth artifacts
and remains found in the ground. Each excavated layer or stratum is meticulously analyzed to
preserve information about the context in which the objects were found, as context is crucial to
correctly interpreting the findings.
Once artifacts and remains are discovered, archaeologists analyze them to determine their age,
function, and cultural significance. A variety of dating techniques are used to do this, including
radiocarbon dating, which measures the amount of radioactive carbon remaining in an organic object
to estimate its age, or thermoluminescence dating, which is used to date ceramics and minerals. In
addition, analysis of the materials and manufacturing techniques of artifacts provides information
about the technological skills and cultural practices of ancient societies.
The study of human remains is also an important part of archaeology. Through the analysis of skeletons and human remains, archaeologists can gain information about the health, diet, social structure, and burial practices of people in the past. This information can offer deeper insight into the daily lives and beliefs of ancient cultures.
In addition to traditional techniques, modern archaeology benefits from advanced technologies such
as aerial photography, ground-penetrating radar, and genetic analysis, which allow researchers to
discover and examine sites without the need for extensive excavations. These technological tools
have revolutionized the way archaeological research is conducted, facilitating the exploration of
large areas and providing more detailed data on the sites studied.
Archaeology also faces ethical challenges and considerations. Preservation of archaeological sites
and protection from looting are crucial issues in maintaining the integrity of finds. In addition,
the repatriation of artifacts and human remains to their countries or communities of origin raises
important ethical questions about ownership and cultural respect.
In short, archaeology is a fundamental science for understanding the history and development of
human societies. Through research and analysis of material remains, archaeologists can reconstruct
aspects of ancient life, providing valuable information about the roots of humanity and helping to
connect the past with the present.
Archaeology is a scientific discipline dedicated to the study of past human societies through the
investigation and analysis of the material remains they have left behind. This branch of science
seeks to understand the evolution of cultures and civilizations, as well as the ways in which human
beings have interacted with their euteller environment over time. Archaeology is distinguished by
its focus on physical objects and structures, such as tools, pottery, architecture, and human
remains, and relies on rigorous methods of excavation and analysis to reconstruct human history.
Archaeology is a complex and multifaceted science that offers a unique window into humanity's past.
Through rigorous methods of excavation, analysis, and reconstruction, archaeologists unravel the
secrets of ancient cultures and contribute to our collective understanding of history. The
discipline not only preserves cultural heritage, but also provides valuable lessons about human
evolution and interaction with the environment. Archaeology, with its diverse specialties and
approaches, continues to reveal the rich tapestry of human experience throughout the ages.
Archaeology has deep roots that stretch back to antiquity. Although the systematic practice of
archaeology as we know it today began to develop in the 19th century, curiosity about the past and the
collection of antiquities have existed since ancient times. In the classical world, the Greeks and
Romans already carried out excavations and studied ancient remains, but it was more a form of collecting
than an organized scientific discipline.
Significant advancement in archaeology began with the rise of science and the scientific method in the
19th century. Excavations of sites such as Herculaneum and Pompeii in Italy, which were buried by the
eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 AD, provided detailed insight into daily life in ancient Rome.
Archaeological methodology began to take hold with the introduction of principles such as stratigraphic
context, which refers to the layer of sediment in which an artifact is found, and the dating of finds
using scientific techniques.
Excavation
Excavation is one of the most fundamental methods in archaeology. It involves the systematic
removal of earth at a site to uncover and record material remains. Archaeologists excavate in
stratigraphic layers, allowing artifacts to be studied in the order in which they were
deposited. This technique is crucial to understanding the historical context of finds.
Excavation sites are meticulously documented through field records, photographs, and drawings to
preserve information about the location and context of each artifact.
Dating
Dating is essential to place finds on a timeline. There are various techniques to determine the age
of objects, including:
- Radiocarbon dating: Used to date organic materials, such as wood, bones or textiles. This
technique measures the amount of radioactive carbon present in a material, which decays at a known
rate.
- Thermoluminescence dating: Applied to ceramic or mineral objects, it measures the light emitted by
a material when it is heated. This light comes from the energy accumulated in the material since its
last exposure to heat.
- Potassium-Argon dating: Used to date volcanic rocks and minerals, it measures the accumulation of
argon in relation to the amount of potassium present.
Artifact Analysis
Once recovered, artifacts undergo detailed analysis to determine their function, origin, and
cultural significance. Archaeologists examine artifact materials, manufacturing techniques, and
style to understand how they were used and what role they played in the lives of the people who
created them. Analysis may also include studies of human remains to gain insight into the health,
diet, and burial practices of ancient societies.
Reconstruction and Interpretation
Based on the data they collect, archaeologists attempt to reconstruct aspects of daily life and social
structures of the civilizations they study. This may include reconstructing ancient buildings,
interpreting ritual practices, and understanding economic and political systems. Archaeologists use
theoretical models and comparisons with other cultures to interpret the data and build a more complete
picture of the past.
Areas of Study in Archaeology
Archaeology is a broad field that is divided into several specialties, each with a particular focus:
Prehistoric Archaeology
It focuses on cultures that existed before the invention of writing. Since there are no written records
for these periods, archaeologists rely entirely on material remains to reconstruct history. This field
includes the study of early euteller human settlements, the evolution of tools, and the transition from
hunter-gatherer societies to agricultural societies.
Historical Archaeology
It deals with documented historical periods and uses both written records and artefacts to understand
the past. Historical archaeology is particularly useful for studying periods where there is a
combination of textual and material evidence, such as Pharaonic Egypt, Ancient Rome and Medieval
civilisations.
Underwater Archaeology
Specializes in the investigation of submerged remains underwater, such as shipwrecks, harbors and
coastal settlements. This field requires specialized diving and underwater photography techniques, as
well as the use of sonar and ground-penetrating radar to locate and map underwater sites.
Experimental Archaeology
It involves replicating ancient techniques and processes to better understand how artifacts were made
and used. Experimental archaeologists recreate tools, pottery, and other objects to observe how they
were produced and used, providing insight into the skills and technical knowledge of ancient cultures.
Because it provides direct evidence of the practices, beliefs, and social structures of past
civilizations. It allows researchers to reconstruct aspects of everyday life that are not always
reflected in historical texts. In addition, archaeology helps preserve cultural heritage by documenting
and protecting ancient sites and objects.
Archaeological research also has an impact on the present. By studying how ancient societies managed
environmental and social changes, archaeologists can offer valuable insights into how to meet current
challenges. Understanding sustainability, adaptation, and resilience in the past can inform current
policies and practices for a more sustainable future.
Archaeology faces several challenges, including the preservation of sites and artefacts, protection from looting, and the impact of excavation on local ecosystems. In addition, archaeology must address ethical issues related to the repatriation of artefacts and human remains. The restitution of cultural objects to their communities of origin and respect for local beliefs and traditions are crucial aspects of modern archaeological practice.
Archaeological icons are distinctive and representative items that have acquired great cultural and scientific importance due to their historical relevance and their ability to convey information about past civilizations. These icons are not only important from a scientific perspective, but also play a crucial role in cultural identity and in understanding our common history. Below is a detailed exploration of some of the most iconic archaeological icons, their meanings, and their impact on the study of human history.
The Pyramids of Giza, located on the Giza Plateau outside of Cairo, Egypt, are one of the most iconic
and enigmatic monuments of the ancient world. Built during Egypt's Old Kingdom, these structures not
only represent an impressive achievement in terms of engineering and architecture, but also offer an
invaluable window into the religious and funerary practices of one of the most advanced civilizations of
antiquity. The three main pyramids at Giza are the Great Pyramid of Khufu, the Pyramid of Khafre, and
the Pyramid of Menkaure, each with its own significance and distinctive features.
The Great Pyramid of Cheops
The Great Pyramid of Khufu, also known as the Pyramid of Khufu, is the oldest and largest of the three
pyramids at Giza. It was built around 2580 BC for euteller Pharaoh Khufu, who ruled during the Fourth
Dynasty of the Old Kingdom. The pyramid originally stood at about 146 metres (478 ft) high, although
today it stands at about 138 metres (458 ft) due to the loss of its outer casing. Its base measures 230
metres (750 ft) on each side, and is almost perfectly aligned with the cardinal points.
The construction of the Great Pyramid is one of the greatest achievements of ancient engineering. It is
estimated that around 2.3 million stone blocks were used, with an average weight of 2.5 tons each. The
exact methods used to transport and place these blocks remains a matter of debate among archaeologists
and engineers. Some suggest that earthen ramps were used to move the blocks, while others propose more
complex techniques involving the use of rollers and sledges.
The Pyramid of Khafre
The Pyramid of Khafre, built for Pharaoh Khafre (or Khafra), son of Khufu, is the second largest
pyramid on the Giza Plateau. It was built around 2570 BC and originally stood at about 143 meters
(475 feet) high. Although it is slightly shorter than the Great Pyramid, its location on a natural
hill gives it a taller appearance from a distance. Khafre's pyramid is known for having retained
some of its white limestone casing at its summit, providing a glimpse of what it originally looked
like.
A notable feature of Khafre's Pyramid is the Great Sphinx of Giza, a monumental sculpture with a
lion's body and a human head, which is located in his funerary complex. The Sphinx, believed to
represent the Pharaoh Khafre, is one of the most iconic sculptures of the ancient world and has
captured the imagination of archaeologists and historians for centuries.
The Pyramid of Menkaure
The Pyramid of Menkaure, built for Pharaoh Menkaure, is the smallest of the three pyramids at Giza. It
was built around 2510 BC and originally stood at approximately 66 metres (210 ft) high. Despite its
smaller size, the Pyramid of Menkaure is notable for its complex and elegant architecture. The
associated funerary complex includes temples and subsidiary pyramids that were built for the pharaoh's
queens and family members.
A distinctive feature of the Pyramid of Menkaure is the use of high-quality limestone in its cladding,
as well as basaltic stone in the lower parts. This choice of materials suggests a high level of
sophistication and detail in the construction.
Common Aspects and Meaning
The three pyramids of Giza are not only impressive for their size and architectural precision, but they
also reflect the importance that religion and worldview played in the lives of the ancient Egyptians.
The pyramids were built as monumental tombs for the pharaohs and were designed to ensure a safe
transition to the afterlife. They believed that the pharaohs were gods on Earth and that their death was
a transition to an eternal afterlife, so these massive structures were meant to protect and honor their
body and spirit.
The pyramids are also precisely aligned with the stars and cardinal points, indicating a deep knowledge
of astronomy on the part of the Egyptians. The Great Pyramid, for example, is aligned with the four
cardinal points with astonishing precision, demonstrating a sophisticated understanding of astronomical
orientation.
Legacy and Conservation
The Pyramids of Giza have had a lasting impact on culture and history. For centuries, they have been
a symbol of human ingenuity and the power of ancient Egyptian civilization. They have influenced
architecture and engineering in many pay n play cultures and historical periods, and continue to be
an important center of study and inspiration.
Today, the pyramids face challenges related to preservation and conservation. Natural erosion, mass
tourism and vandalism are threats that must be managed to ensure that these monuments continue to
bear witness to the past for future generations. Conservation initiatives seek to protect the
structures and mitigate the impact of time and human activity.
The Pyramids of Giza are more than just stone structures; they are monuments to human skill,
religious devotion, and the ability to challenge the limits of knowledge and technology. They remain
one of the most astonishing and enigmatic wonders of the ancient world, and their study continues to
offer valuable lessons about the history and culture of one of history's most influential
civilizations.
Have you ever dreamed of walking among the wonders of the ancient world? Now you have the chance to live that unique experience with our exclusive excursion to the majestic Pyramids of Giza. Get ready for a fascinating journey that will take you through the centuries, exploring the secrets of one of the greatest civilizations in history. Join us on an unforgettable adventure!
A Journey into the Unknown
Our tour begins with a convenient pickup from your hotel in Cairo to the iconic Giza Plateau.
Imagine your excitement as you spot the pyramids from a distance, their imposing silhouettes rising
against the Egyptian sky. Upon arrival, you will be greeted by an expert guide who will immerse you
in the rich history of these historic monuments. Our tour is designed to let you experience the
grandeur of the Pyramids of Giza in a unique and educational way.
Explore the Great Pyramid of Cheops
The Great Pyramid of Cheops, also known as the Pyramid of Khufu, is the heart of our tour. At 146
meters tall, it is the largest and oldest of the three pyramids at Giza. Your guide will tell you
fascinating details about its construction, the mysteries surrounding it, and the advanced
engineering of the ancient Egyptians. You will have the opportunity to explore the exterior and, if
you wish, venture into the inner chambers for an intimate encounter with history.
Admire the Pyramid of Khafre and the Great Sphinx
We will continue our excursion with a visit to the Pyramid of Khafre, the second largest monument in
Giza. Although it is slightly lower than the Great Pyramid, its location on a natural hill gives it
an imposing presence. Here you can pay n play see the original limestone casing that is still
preserved at the top. Also, don't miss the iconic Great Sphinx, an imposing sculpture with the body
of a lion and a human head, which holds the secrets of Khafre's dynasty.
Discover the Pyramid of Menkaure
The tour also includes a visit to the Pyramid of Menkaure, the smallest but equally impressive of
the three. The Pyramid of Menkaure, with its elegant architecture and high-quality stonework, offers
an insight into the sophistication of Egyptian funerary construction. In addition, we will explore
the associated subsidiary temples and pyramids, allowing you to gain a more complete understanding
of the cultural and religious context of the period.
Personalized and Comfortable Experience
Our tour is designed to offer you a personalized and comfortable experience. We have expert
guides who are passionate about Egyptian history, who will answer all your questions and provide
you with detailed information about each site. In addition, we offer comfortable transportation
and air conditioning to ensure your comfort throughout the tour.
Includes Everything You Need
To make your experience as pleasant as possible, our excursion includes:
- Roundtrip transportation from your hotel in Cairo.
- Professional guide with extensive knowledge of the history and archaeology of Egypt.
- Tickets to the pyramids and monuments without having to wait in long lines.
- Free time to explore and take pictures.
- Bottled water to keep you hydrated during the tour.
Don't miss the opportunity to discover one of the most fascinating destinations in the world. The Pyramids of Giza await you to show you the secrets of a legendary civilization. Book your tour today and get ready for an experience that will make you feel like a true explorer of history.
Machu Picchu, located in the Andes Mountains of Peru, is one of the most impressive archaeological
wonders in the world. This Inca city, built in the 15th century under the reign of Emperor Pachacutec,
was rediscovered in 1911 by explorer Hiram Bingham. Machu Picchu is known for its stunning architecture
and spectacular mountaintop location.
The city has been the subject of numerous investigations and excavations, which have revealed
information about the life of the Inca elite and their religious practices. The complexity of its
design, which includes agricultural terraces, temples and palaces, demonstrates the ingenuity of Inca
engineering and its ability to adapt the natural environment to its needs.
Machu Picchu, the lost city of the Incas, is one of the most fascinating and enigmatic archaeological
destinations in the world. Located high in the Peruvian Andes, some 2,430 meters above sea level, Machu
Picchu is in a stunning location, surrounded by rugged mountains and the lush vegetation of the
rainforest. This ancient city, which was rediscovered in 1911 by American explorer Hiram Bingham, has
captured the imagination of travelers and historians alike with its mystery and sublime beauty.
Built in the 15th century during the reign of the Inca Emperor Pachacutec, Machu Picchu is an
outstanding example of Inca engineering and urban planning. The site is divided into two main areas: the
agricultural zone and the urban zone. The agricultural zone features stepped terraces used for farming
and erosion control, while the urban zone houses temples, palaces, and dwellings. These terraces were
not only essential for agriculture, but also helped stabilize the terrain in the rugged Andean
geography.
The planning and design of Machu Picchu reflects the Incas' deep understanding of topography and
climate. The city is organized on a grid and its structures are built from perfectly cut stones fitted
together without mortar, a technique known as Inca masonry. The stones fit together with such precision
that not even a sheet of paper can slip between them. This technique not only provides stability to the
buildings, but also demonstrates the technical skill and precision of the Inca craftsmen.
Machu Picchu is also notable for its astronomical orientation. Structures and pathways are aligned with
important astronomical events, such as solstices and equinoxes. The Temple of the Sun, for example, has
windows aligned with the summer solstice, suggesting that the Incas had an advanced knowledge of
astronomical cycles and incorporated them into their religious and ceremonial architecture.
The archaeological site of Machu Picchu is significant not only for its engineering and architecture,
but also for the mystery surrounding its purpose and abandonment. Although various theories have been
proposed, such as that it was a royal residence, a religious center, or a spiritual refuge, its true
function remains a matter of debate among archaeologists and historians. The abandonment of Machu Picchu
in the 16th century during the Spanish conquest contributed to the city being hidden until its
rediscovery in the 20th century
Today, Machu Picchu is an archaeological site of great importance and a UNESCO World Heritage Site
since 1983. Its value lies in the unique combination of natural beauty, architectural ingenuity and
historical mystery. The conservation of the site is crucial, as increasing tourism and climate
change threaten its integrity. Peruvian authorities and various organizations work hard to protect
and preserve this wonder, pay n play ensuring that future generations can continue to explore and
learn about the incredible civilization that built it.
Visiting Machu Picchu is like stepping into a remote past, into a place where ancient engineering
and nature intertwine in a unique harmony. Its majesty and enigma continue to inspire wonder and
respect for one of the most fascinating cultures in history.
Embark on a unique experience with our exclusive guided tour to Machu Picchu, the jewel of the Inca civilization! We offer you the opportunity to explore this wonder of the world with the company of an expert guide, who will take you on a fascinating journey through the history, architecture and mystery surrounding this iconic archaeological site. Here are all the details about this exciting adventure.
1. Meeting and Transportation (06:00 AM - 07:00 AM):
We begin our tour with a meeting at our meeting point in central Cusco, where we will welcome you
and give you a packet with information about the tour. Make sure you arrive on time to enjoy the
full experience. From there, we will board a comfortable bus that will take us to the departure
point of the train to Machu Picchu.
2. Train Journey (07:00 AM - 09:00 AM):
We will board a panoramic train to Aguas Calientes, the picturesque town located at the base of
Machu Picchu. During the ride, you will enjoy stunning views of the Urubamba River Valley and
the tropical vegetation that surrounds the route. Our guide will provide you with background
information on the history of the Incas and the significance of Machu Picchu while you relax and
prepare for the adventure that awaits you.
3. Arrival at Machu Picchu (09:00 AM - 09:30 AM):
Upon arrival in Aguas Calientes, we will board a bus to the entrance of Machu Picchu. This bus ride,
which lasts approximately 30 minutes, offers spectacular views of the surrounding mountains and will
allow you to anticipate the splendor of the archaeological site.
4. Guided Exploration of Machu Picchu (09:30 AM - 12:30 PM):
Once inside Machu Picchu, our expert guide will take you on a detailed tour of the site. We'll begin
by exploring the city's impressive structures, including the Temple of the Sun, the Main Plaza, and
the agricultural terraces. Your guide will explain the advanced engineering of the Incas, their
religious beliefs, and pay n play the cultural significance of each structure. You'll also have the
opportunity to see the iconic Huayna Picchu from various angles, and learn the history behind this
fascinating mountain.
5. Free Time for Exploration (12:30 PM - 02:00 PM):
After the guided tour, you will have free time to explore Machu Picchu at your own pace. You can
visit the areas that interest you most, take photos or simply enjoy the scenery. This is the perfect
time to absorb the magical atmosphere of the lost city and reflect on what you have learned.
6. Lunch in Aguas Calientes (02:00 PM - 03:00 PM):
We will return to Aguas Calientes to enjoy a delicious lunch at a local restaurant. This is a good
time to relax and share your impressions of the experience with other members of the group. You will
also be able to do some souvenir shopping or enjoy a coffee before continuing with the next stage of
the trip.
7. Return to Cusco (03:00 PM - 05:00 PM):
After lunch, we will take the train back to Cusco. During the journey, you will have the opportunity
to reflect on the magnificent day while enjoying the panoramic views of the Andean landscape. Upon
arrival in Cusco, our transport will take you back to the initial meeting point, concluding an
unforgettable experience.
The tour includes transportation by bus and train, priority entrances to Machu Picchu, a professional Spanish-speaking guide, lunch in Aguas Calientes, and free time to explore. Comfortable shoes, clothing suitable for changing weather, and a bottle of water are recommended. Get ready for an enriching and exciting experience in one of the wonders of the ancient world.
Terrakottasoturit, jotka löydettiin vuonna 1974 Xi'anin läheltä Kiinasta, ovat kokoelma
terrakottahahmoja, jotka haudattiin Kiinan ensimmäisen keisarin Qin Shi Huangin kanssa 3.
vuosisadalla eaa. Nämä hahmot, joihin kuuluu sotilaita, hevosia ja vaunuja, luotiin suojelemaan
keisaria kuoleman jälkeen. Jokainen hahmo on ainutlaatuinen yksityiskohdiltaan ja asultaan, mikä
kuvastaa niiden edustamien sotilaiden asemaa ja arvoa.
Terrakottasoturien löytyminen on antanut kiehtovan muinaisen Kiinan sotilasorganisaatiosta ja
hautaustavoista ja osoittanut, että ja massatuotannon taito oli korkealla tasolla Qinin
kaudella.
Terrakottasoturit ovat yksi 1900-luvun vaikuttavimmista arkeologisista löydöistä, ja ne paljastavat
kiehtovan käsityksen muinaisen Kiinan vallasta ja kulttuurista. Shaanxin maakunnassa Xi'anin
kaupungissa sijaitsevat soturit löysi vuonna 1974 joukko paikallisia maanviljelijöitä, jotka kaivoa
kaivaessaan nettikasinot kaivoivat esiin valtavan armeijan terrakottafiguureja, jotka ovat peräisin
3. vuosisadalta eaa. Nämä soturit haudattiin Kiinan ensimmäisen keisarin Qin Shi Huangin kanssa,
joka yhdisti maan vuonna 221 eaa. ja hallitsi kuolemaansa asti vuonna 210 eaa.
Terrakottasoturit-sarja on olennainen osa Qinin keisarin hautaa, joka on valtava hautausmaa, joka on
suunniteltu suojelemaan ja saattamaan keisaria hänen matkallaan tuonpuoleiseen. Arkeologinen alue
koostuu kolmesta pääkuopasta, joissa on yli 8 000 sotilaan, hevosten ja vaunujen hahmoa, jotka on
mallinnettu poikkeuksellisen tarkasti ja yksityiskohtaisesti. Hahmot vaihtelevat kooltaan ja
ulkonäöltään, mikä kuvastaa sotilasarvojen ja -yksiköiden vaikuttavaa monimuotoisuutta ja viittaa
huolelliseen valmistusprosessiin ja syvälliseen organisaatioon.
Jokainen terrakottahahmo, joka voi olla jopa kaksi metriä korkea, on yksilöllisesti yksityiskohtainen,
ja sen kasvonpiirteet, asento ja univormu kuvastavat sotilaan arvoa ja tehtävää armeijassa. Sotureiden
mukana on yli 670 sotavaunua ja 700 terrakottahevosta. Kasvojen ja vartaloiden kuvauksen tarkkuus
viittaa siihen, että hahmojen luoneet taiteilijat käyttivät oikeita malleja ja tekivät mahdollisesti
muotteja ja säätöjä varmistaakseen suuren realistisuuden.
Kohteen laajuus ja monimutkaisuus kuvastavat sitä, miten tärkeänä Qinin keisari piti
kuolemanjälkeistä elämää. Kunnianhimostaan ja kuolemattomuuden kaipuusta tunnettu keisari määräsi
tämän massiivisen hautakammion rakentamisen varmistaakseen suojelunsa kuolemanjälkeisessä elämässä
ja säilyttääkseen herruuden ja vallan myös kuolemansa jälkeen. Terrakottasoturit eivät toimineet
ainoastaan symbolisina vartijoina, vaan ne olivat myös osoitus Qin-dynastian saavuttamasta
sotilaallisesta organisaatiosta ja kehittyneisyydestä.
Terrakottasoturien löytämisellä oli suuri vaikutus arkeologiaan ja maailmanhistoriaan, sillä se
antoi ennennäkemättömän katsauksen muinaisen Kiinan elämään ja kulttuuriin. Kohde julistettiin
Unescon maailmanperintökohteeksi vuonna 1987, jolloin tunnustettiin sen merkittävä
yleismaailmallinen arvo ja panos menneisyyden ymmärtämiseen. Kohteen suojelu on edelleen
ensisijainen tavoite, sillä arkeologiryhmä pyrkii kaivamaan esiin, restauroimaan ja suojelemaan maan
alla edelleen olevia hahmoja.
Terrakottasoturien arkeologinen arvo ei ole ainoastaan niiden mittakaavassa ja yksityiskohdissa, vaan myös siinä, että ne antavat tietoa sotilaallisesta rakenteesta, hautaustavoista ja elämästä muinaisessa Kiinassa. Kohde tarjoaa ainutlaatuisen ikkunan varhaisen Kiinan valtakunnan organisaatioon ja ideologiaan, mikä tekee terrakottasotureista yhden maailman tärkeimmistä ja arvoituksellisimmista arkeologisista ihmeistä. Niiden löytäminen ja tutkiminen kiehtovat edelleen tutkijoita ja vierailijoita, jotka ihmettelevät Kiinan historian vaikutusvaltaisimpiin kuuluvan henkilön teknistä taitoa ja kunnianhimoa.
Tutustu Terrakotta-soturien hämmästyttävään maailmaan eksklusiivisella opastetulla kierroksellamme! Tämä kierros tarjoaa sinulle ainutlaatuisen tilaisuuden tutustua yhteen historian vaikuttavimmista arkeologisista löydöistä ja uppoutua muinaisen Kiinan kiehtovaan aikakauteen. Asiantuntevan oppaan saattelemana viemme sinut unohtumattomalle matkalle Xi'anin kaupunkiin ja Terrakotta-soturien arkeologiselle löytöpaikalle. Tässä ovat tämän jännittävän kokemuksen yksityiskohdat.
1. Tapaaminen ja kuljetus Xi'aniin (06:30 - 08:30):
Kierros alkaa tapaamisella Xi'anin keskustan kohtaamispaikalla, jossa tiimimme tervehtii sinua ja
antaa sinulle informatiivisen esitteen nettikasinot kiertomatkasta. Lyhyen esittelyn jälkeen
nousemme mukavaan ilmastoituun linja-autoon, josta lähdemme maisemalliselle ajomatkalle
Terrakotta-soturien arkeologiselle alueelle, joka sijaitsee noin 40 kilometriä kaupungin
itäpuolella.
2. Saapuminen arkeologiselle alueelle (08:30 - 09:00):
Saapuessasi saat skip-the-line -pääsyn, jonka ansiosta pääset nopeasti kohteeseen ilman pitkiä
odotuksia, joita vierailijat usein kohtaavat. Asiantunteva oppaamme, jolla on syvällinen tietämys
muinaisen Kiinan historiasta ja arkeologiasta, johdattaa sinut kolmen pääkuopan läpi, joissa
terrakottasoturit sijaitsevat.
3. Opastettu tutkimusmatka kuoppiin (09:00 - 11:30):
Aloitamme opastetun kierroksen kuopasta 1, joka on suurin ja kuuluisin kuoppa ja jossa on tuhansia
soturihahmoja ja sotavaunuja. Oppaasi selittää keisari Qin Shi Huangin mausoleumin rakentamisen
historiallisen kontekstin sekä yksityiskohtia soturihahmojen rakentamisesta, niiden strategisista
asemista ja hahmojen symboliikasta. Jatkamme matkaa kuoppiin 2 ja 3, jotka tarjoavat kattavamman
näkymän sotilasorganisaatioon ja joukkojen monipuolisuuteen.
Kierroksen aikana sinulla on tilaisuus tarkkailla läheltä kunkin hahmon hienoja yksityiskohtia
ainutlaatuisista kasvonpiirteistä huolellisesti koristeltuihin univormuihin. Oppaasi antaa sinulle
tietoa käsityöläisten käyttämistä valmistustekniikoista ja kertoo kiehtovia tarinoita
Qin-dynastiasta ja sen pyrkimyksestä kuolemattomuuteen.
4. Aikaa valokuvaukseen ja henkilökohtaiseen tutkimiseen (11:30 - 12:00):
Opastetun kierroksen jälkeen sinulla on vapaata aikaa tutustua sinua eniten kiinnostaviin kohteen
alueisiin. Käytä tämä tilaisuus valokuvien ottamiseen, tutustu vierailijakeskuksen lisänäyttelyihin
ja osta matkamuistoja paikallisista kaupoista. Oppaamme on käytettävissäsi vastaamaan
lisäkysymyksiin ja antamaan suosituksia vapaa-aikaasi varten.
5. Tyypillinen lounas (klo 12:00 - 01:00):
Suuntaamme läheiseen ravintolaan nauttimaan alueelle tyypillisen herkullisen lounaan. Tämä on hyvä
hetki rentoutua, keskustella ryhmän muiden jäsenten kanssa ja pohtia juuri saamasi vaikuttavan
kokemuksen jälkeen. Lounas sisältyy pakettiin, ja se tarjoaa erilaisia perinteisiä kiinalaisia
ruokia.
6. Paluu Xi'aniin (01:00 - 02:00):
Lounaan jälkeen palaamme Xi'aniin linja-autolla. Paluumatkan aikana voit rentoutua ja nauttia
kiinalaisten maisemien näkymistä samalla, kun oppaasi tekee yhteenvedon retken kohokohdista ja antaa
suosituksia muista aktiviteeteista Xi'anissa.
7. Jäähyväiset ja päätös (02:00 PM - 02:30 PM):
Xi'aniin palattuasi saat esitteen, jossa on lisätietoja kohteesta ja ehdotuksia kaupungissa
oleskelua varten. Tiimimme hyvästelee teidät sydämellisesti ja kiittää teitä osallistumisesta tähän
ainutlaatuiseen kokemukseen.
Kierros sisältää edestakaisen kuljetuksen, etuoikeutetut pääsyliput, ammattitaitoisen englanninkielisen oppaan, lounaan ja nettikasinot vapaata aikaa henkilökohtaiseen tutustumiseen. Mukavat kengät, aurinkosuoja ja vesipullo ovat suositeltavia. Valmistaudu opettavaiseen ja jännittävään päivään, joka yhdistää sinut yhteen antiikin suurimmista aarteista.
